Railways

There will be an exact distance of 100kms between two districts n distance of approximately 33.33  kms between two tahsiils.
Like
.....D........33.33……..t.........33.33……..t……..33.33…….D....
 There should be fix six railway tracks running parallel to each other. Three for one direction and three for its opposite direction.
Thus in a direction three railway tracks will be there. One for the mail/goods trains ,
Second for express trains which will stop only at the district headquarters and
Third will be for passenger trains which would stop after every 33.33 kms (or at every every 3kms if seems practical and economical)

  

Ideal plan for villages and cities

जातीय समूहों द्वारा चलाये जा रहे उद्यम

क्या किताबी ज्ञान ही सब कुछ है ????
क्या मैकाले की क्लर्क बनाने वाली स्कूली शिक्षा और डिग्री ही एक मात्र पैमाना है किसी के टेलेंट को मापने का ?????

इस विषय पर जब भी बहस होती है कुछ लोग स्टीव जॉब्स से लेकर बिल गेट्स के उदाहरण देने लगते हैं कैसे कॉलेज ड्रॉप आउट्स ने बड़े बड़े कीर्तिमान स्थापित किये । असल मे ये अपने देश को ठीक से न जानने की वजह से है ।

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Executive Report 2002 of the London Business School की रिपोर्ट ने भारत को अमेरिका और पूरे यूरोप से एंटरप्रेन्योरशिप में ऊपर रखा था ।

The Total Entrepreneurial Activity [TEA]
India 17.9
China 12.3
US 10.5
Canada 8
UK 5.4
Germany 5.2
France 3.2

जैसा कि हमेशा होता है विदेशी जब हमारी किसी बात की तारीफ करते हैं हम तब खोजना शुरू करते हैं आखिर ये खूबी हममे आयी कंहा से , तो इस स्टडी के बाद भारत में 2005 के इकोनॉमिक census में इस बात को खोजने की कोशिश हुई ।
इस रिपोर्ट के अनुशार 42 मिलियन नॉन फॉर्मिंग एंटरप्राइजेज जो कि देश मे 99 मिलियन रोजगार दे रहे थे उनमें OBC का हिस्सा 43.5 , SC की हिस्सेदारी 9.8 और ST जातियों की हिस्सेदारी 3.7 % थी ।

आपको जानकर हैरानी होगी UNIDO के अनुसार देश की लगभग 60% मैन्युफैक्चरिंग जातीय समूहों द्वारा चलाये जाने वाले इन उद्योगों से होती है ।
सबसे बड़ी बात यह कि इन जातीय समूहों में अधिकतर लोग पढ़े लिखे नही थे कालेज की डिग्रियां नही हैं और 98% तक फाइनेंस किसी बैंक या मल्टीनेशनल से न होकर उसी समूह के अंदर से होता है ।

जातीय समूहों द्वारा चलाये जा रहे इन उद्यमों के बहुत से उदाहरण हैं

पंजाब में रामगढ़िया कम्युनिटी जिसके लिये फेमस है कि इन्हें एक बार कोई सामान दिखा दी जाय तो ये उसकी हूबहू नकल बना सकते हैं , विश्व की नम्बर एक साइकिल और उसके स्पेयर बनाने वाली इंडस्ट्री चलाते हैं

तमिलनाडु के Tiruppur में निटवियर का सालाना 3 बिलियन डॉलर का एक्सपोर्ट है जिसे मुख्यतः गौंडर समुदाय चलाता है जिसमे दो तिहाई लोगों ने बारवीं भी पास नही किया है ।

क्या आपको पता है भारत मे सबसे अधिक प्रति व्यक्ति आय वाला शहर कौन सा है
दिल्ली ? मुम्बई ? बैंगलोर ? जवाब है गुजरात का मोरबी , जंहा का टाइल्स उद्योग चाइना के बाद दुनिया मे दूसरा स्थान रखता है जानते हैं ये उद्योग कौन लोग चलाते हैं , पटेल समुदाय के लोग जो 20 साल पहले तक खेती करते थे और इनमे से 2% लोगों के पास भी ग्रेजुवेशन की डिग्री नही है और इनका सारा फाइनेंस कम्युनिटी के अंदर से ही होता है ।

70 % ऑयल टैंकर जो देश मे हैं वो तमिलनाडु के नामक्कल से आते हैं जिनमे से अधिकतर पहले ड्राइवर ,क्लीनर आदि का काम करते थे ।

इसी तरह नड्डार समुदाय का तमिलनाडु के रिटेल सेक्टर में सत्तर प्रतिशत तक हिस्सेदारी है
राज्य दर राज्य जिला दर जिला आपको यही ट्रेंड देखने को मिलेगा तथाकथित अशिक्षित , अंग्रेजी ना जानने वाले परिवार या समुदाय से उद्योग सीखने वाले लोग इस देश के आर्थिक इंजन को चला रहे हैं ।

जातीय ज्ञान जो सालों से परिवारों में समुदायों में चला आ रहा है , आंकड़े ये बताते हैं देश उनके दम पर विकास कर रहा है ......... मैकाले की क्लर्क बनाने की पढ़ाई के आधार पर नही ।

साम्यवाद

एक स्थानीय कॉलेज में अर्थशास्त्र के एक प्रोफेसर ने अपने एक बयान में कहा – “उसने पहले कभी किसी छात्र को फेल नहीं किया, पर हाल ही में उसने एक पूरी की पूरी क्लास को फेल कर दिया है l”
क्योंकि उस क्लास ने दृढ़ता पूर्वक यह कहा था कि “समाजवाद सफल होगा और न कोई गरीब होगा और न कोई धनी होगा” सबको सामान करने वाला एक महान सिद्धांत !
तब प्रोफेसर ने कहा – अच्छा ठीक है ! आओ हम क्लास में समाजवाद के अनुरूप एक प्रयोग करते हैं “सफलता पाने वाले सभी छात्रों के विभिन्न ग्रेड का औसत निकाला जाएगा और सबको वही एक ग्रेड दी जायेगी ”
पहली परीक्षा के बाद, सभी ग्रेडों का औसत निकाला गया और प्रत्येक छात्र को B ग्रेड प्राप्त हुआl
जिन छात्रों ने कठिन परिश्रम किया था वे परेशान हो गए और जिन्होनें कम ही पढ़ाई की थी वे खुश हुए l
दूसरी परीक्षा के लिए कम पढ़ने वाले छात्रों ने पहले से भी और कम पढ़ाई की और जिहोनें कठिन परिश्रम किया था उन्होंने यह तय किया कि वे भी मुफ्त की ग्रेड प्राप्त करेंगे और उन्होंने भी कम पढ़ाई की l
दूसरी परीक्षा की ग्रेड D थी l
इसलिए कोई खुश नहीं था l
जब तीसरी परीक्षा हुई तो ग्रेड F हो गई l
जैसे-जैसे परीक्षाएँ आगे बढ़ने लगीं स्कोर कभी ऊपर नहीं उठा, बल्कि आपसी कलह, आरोप-प्रत्यारोप, गाली-गलौज और एक-दूसरे से नाराजगी के परिणाम स्वरूप कोई भी नहीं पढ़ता था क्योंकि कोई भी छात्र अंपने परिश्रम से दूसरे को लाभ नहीं पहुंचाना चाहता था l अंत में सभी आश्चर्यजनक रूप से फेल हो गए और प्रोफेसर ने उन्हें बताया कि इसी तरह “समाजवाद” भी अंततोगत्वा फेल हो जाएगा क्योंकि ईनाम जब बहुत बड़ा होता है तो सफल होने के लिए किया जाने वाला उद्यम भी बहुत बड़ा होगा l परन्तु जब सरकार सारे अवार्ड छीन लेगी तो कोई भी न तो सफल होना चाहेगा और न ही सफल होने की कोशिश करेगा l
निम्नलिखित सर्वश्रेष्ठ उक्तियाँ इस प्रयोग पर लागू होती हैंl
1. आप समृद्ध व्यक्ति को उसकी समृद्धि से बेदखल करके गरीब को समृद्ध बनाने का क़ानून नहीं बना सकते l
2. जो व्यक्ति बिना कार्य किए कुछ प्राप्त करता है, अवश्य ही परिश्रम करने वाले किसी अन्य व्यक्ति के ईनाम को छीन कर उसे दिया जाता है l
3. सरकार तब तक किसी को कोई वस्तु नहीं दे सकती जब तक वह उस वस्तु को किसी अन्य से छीन न ले l
4. आप सम्पदा को बाँट कर उसकी वृद्धि नहीं कर सकते

The ideal infrastructure of Villages,Blocks, Districts

IV Differennt Sectors of Economy - The ideal structures

A) Transport Sector

There are 6 parts of the transport industry-

1. Roads

2. Passenger transport on the roads

3. Goods transport on the roads- open for private parties

4. Local Transport- open for private parties

5. Railways (including the tracks, passenger trains & goods trains)

6. Airways

Parts 1,2,5 and 6 will remain under total govt monopoly and parts 3 & 4 will be open for perfect competition by private parties.

1. Roads – Road could be a separate and individual part of earning for govt even if it does not run its own buses or trucks. Govt could collect toll-tax from the private vehicles passing through the roads. If govt do not lay the plastered roads and just keep a free natural track for passing of anyone as was there during medieval times, govt has no right to collect taxes. But if govt is spending on the plastering of roads it and people are using those plastered roads, then naturally it becomes the boundation of public to pay money for the product they are using. Govt gets the right to collect profit from their plastered roads. And I have seen that toll collection is a business of huge profit.

But I oppose toll collection due to two reasons-

i) First reason is that practically toll collection is very difficult task as people do not tolerate such system. And thus it leads to clashes between the toll collectors and the general public.

ii) Secondly it is impossible to collect as much toll from the vehicle as per its road usage. Even if a person has to travel 5 kms on the road he has to pay atleast of 30 kms.

iii) Thirdly if we have to properly collect the taxes we have to create dividers between the roads and the remaining area. And the natural beauty of the rods and the poetic freeness that they give us today will be lost. The people who love travelling can understand my intention. People who live to earn money can not understand this logic. But people who earn money to enjoy life can understand me

But it does not mean that govt should stop furnishing of roads. Making of Good roads and other mediums to connect people is one of the fundamental duties of the Government. But instead of toll collection from roads I would suggest 2 ways to earn money –

i) Govt should run its own passenger transport service I the form of buses and should prohibit all private parties from administering passenger buses.

ii) Govt should sell Fuels used in vehicles on the profitable rates as the vehicles running on the road will use the fuel in the same proportion in which they will use the roads.

2) Passenger transport on roads – State govts(not central govt) will run state transports. All these state transports will use a particular model of bus. And no private party will be allowed to buy this particular model. The speciality of this model will be that all parts of this model will be of such dimension that they cant be used in any other model of vehicles (not only other buses but all vehicles).

B) Fuels and Electricity

There are 4 parts of this sector -

1.      Nuclear based Fuels or materials which are the sources of great energy and could also be used as weapons and which need a great protection as anti-national elements could use them against the nation easily.

2.      Electricity Produced from Nuclear power.

3.      Direct Fuels as Coal and Petroleum etc whose handling is relatively easy.

4.      Electricity produced from coal, or other non conventional sources as wind power, solar energy, tidal energy etc or any other (except nuclear energy)

1)      Nuclear Fuel – As nuclear material has high strategic importance, they will be fully controlled by central government from production to usage.

2)      Electricity produced by nuclear plants - The electricity produced by nuclear plants will be first sold to the railway and to the other Central government ventures. However if there remains enough extra electricity after using in central government units, it can be sold by the central governments to the state governments if any state government demands that electricity.

3)      Non-Nuclear Fuels – Every state will have its own Fuel Board who will arrange Fuel such as Coal, Diesel, Petrol, Kerosene etc  from somewhere and will distribute to the final users through their distribution units (generally will be called as Petrol Pumps. In this process of distribution, these Boards will earn profits. No private firm will be allowed in the production or distribution process of these fuels. This is about the distribution part………..On the production part of the Fuels such as Coal, Diesel, Petrol, Kerosene etc that state will have the authority in which they will be found. That state government will process and sell those fuels to the Fuel Boards of their own or of the other states on the beneficial rates. Thus production or the oil refineries will be in the hands of that state government in whose state the raw petroleum will be found. A separate department called Energy department will be there to see that what sources of energy are available in the state and to produce as much energy as possible.

4)      Electricity (by non-nuclear sources) – Similarly every state will have its own electricity Board whose task will be to get electricity from somewhere and to sell it to the final users by making profit in this distribution process. Here also no private firm will be allowed in this distribution or the production of electricity………….And the production of the Electricity will be done by the Energy department who will use the solar, thermal, tidal, or wind power available in the state to produce electricity.

Thus in every state there will remain three departments for managing Fuel and Electricity –

1)      Fuel Board - and To distribute (sell) Fuels such as Coal, Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene, Gas, etc to the ultimate users of the state after purchase from any possible source.

2)      Electricity Board – To distribute(sell) electricity to the ultimate users after purchasing from any source.

3)      Energy department – Its task will be to Explore such  resources in the state that could be turned into Fuel or Electricity i.e. Energy and then to establish production units to produce Energy and then Manage the Production and then to sell that energy(Fuel or Electricity) to the Boards of their own or any other state)

In addition the Central govt will also have a Nuclear department.
The function of all these deparetments has been made clear in the above paragraphs.

C) Telecommunications

Each State and the Central Govt will have their own telecommunication companies and there will be open competition between these companies. For example there will be companies like Orissa telecom, Maharashtra telecom, Tamil telecom, BSNL etc who will not bound in any geographic boundary and will compete with each other. The result will be that the customer will be able to chose the better service ad ultimately the profit will go in the pocket of any govt only not in the private hands.

D) Banking Sector - A Government monopoly

This is the most vital sector in "Humanistic-Capitalism" system and solely Govt will own the Financial institutions in this system because -
1) Govt will promote Large number of private Cottage industries and for it Govt will have to provide micro finance in large numbers
2) As there are unexpected ups and downs in business and also for small business it is more difficult to survive them and only external support can save such businesses. Therefore govt should be ready to provide financial support to businesses in the time of crisis.

And while it will be mandatory for the govt to provide finance, it will also be mandatory to earn a good interest on it. And this interest will be a good source of income for the Govt.

Like the telecommunication industry, here also each state and the central govt will have their own bank(besides Reserve Bank) who will compete with each other so that the customers could get better services.

E) Agricultural Farms- Equal Distribution

1.     1) All the Farmers should possess equal area of land. In this way all the farmers of the nation will remain equal. In the present scenario when some powerful politicians (yes politicians not pure farmers) possess 15-20 sq km of agricultural land, also there are some poor farmers who own only 100 sq m land piece only. So firstly this unequal distribution of agricultural land should be corrected....................Besides equal distribution it is also necessary that there should be a fix size of agricultural farms which should be neither too small nor too large. The large sizes will result in the deficiency of agricultural land turning a large population into agriculture labour. While the small size will make farmer dependent onrhe small local financers and he will always remain a poor person. Thus a farm -land shhould be of size 250m*250m. This farm should be an undevisible unit. Let us call it 1 FARM.

2) Unit Farms - The size of 250m by 250m is an ideal size for an agricultural farm. This minimum size ensures that the owner will have sufficient economical resources and he will not be exploited by the moneylenders, food-merchants and the brokers. And he will be able to store his produce(in case of grains and pulses etc) for a long time...............Also this size should be maximum as size more than this will mean that far less number of people can own such agricultural farms.

3) Transfer/Heirship/Selling of unit Farms - (Undevisible Unit) As such a Unit Farm is an undevisible unit it cant be distributed between 2 or more persons. It could be transferrred from one owner to another as a single unit by the means of heirship or selling.

F) Manure Supply for Agriculture

First of all Chemical Fertilizers should not be used at all in agricultural farms. Because use of Chemical Fertilizers initially increase the production but it make the land barren in long run. So bio-manure made from the cow-dung should only be used in agriculture.

G) Local transport & waterways

1.     The Local Transport in a city

First of all -for local transport- such vehicles should run which should be maximum 12 Seater (As in India we can see TATA Magic and Vikram. Secondly one who is driving such vehicle should own that vehicle also i.e. those poor persons who presently serve as Drivers in such Vehicles should be provided with Financial Aid by the banks and government so that they could buy their own vehicle............And proper checking should be done in such cases so that no well established person could own a vehicle. The govt will take care that while any vehicle is running its owner should be present on the vehicle in the form of conductor or driver.The simple reason behind this rule is that any person will not be allowed to buy two or more vehicles or boats and he will not able to run them on rent.

2. Waterways - This sector will also be in private hands and as usual all the rules applied for taxi owners will be applied for boat owners also.

H) FMCG Sector

No Big Firm or company should be allowed in FMCG sector. High competition should be there but it should be taken care that in any product segment no company/firm should hold more than 2 percent share in market.

I ) Retail Marketing Sector

Conventionally this segment has remained fragmented and thus has given employment to lakhs of people. Infact 70 percent of the self employed people are in the area of retail marketing only. And only 30 percent are in production, construction or service sector. Local kirana store, elecrical shop, stationery, cloth shop, utensils shop etc are all examples of Retail marketing.
Now a days we can see that big companies like Bal-Mart are entering into this sector which will lead to unemployment of many small retail marketers. Surely it will give employment to a lot of people but those people will be just employees of Wal-mart

III The Role of Govt in Ideal Economy

We know that in Pure Capitalism the role of govt is to only collect taxes and maintain law and order and to take care that the contracts made between the persons should be properly followed. Just opposite of it is in Communism that all the business is done by Govt and and all the people work as the labours of govt.
But in Humanistic Capitalism neither the govt takes taxes on businesses nor it takes over all the businesses of the country. But instead the Govt do such few businesses which are useful for the development and maintenance of the civilization and which help to join one place with another place and one person with another person. Let us see the various aspects of the govt in the Humanistic - Capitalism. Let us first discuss about taxation which is considered as an essential part of govt and which the humanistic capitalism is prohibiting and the Govt businesses which we are supporting.

A) Purpose of Tax System

The purposes of the tax are following

1. To maintain the huge structure of govt and bureaucrats -The main purpose of taxation is to accumulate funds for the functioning of the government machineries. No government in the world can run its administrative office without funds and it has no such system incorporated in itself to generate profit from its functioning. In other words, a government can run its administrative set up only through public funding which is collected in the form of tax. Therefore, it can be well understood that the purpose of taxation is very simple and obvious for proper functioning of a state. Taxes are charges levied against a citizen's personal income or on property or for some specified activity.

2. Provide Services - To provide services like policing, public work, infrastructure development to the citizens.

3. To protect the whole system (i.e. keeping military, intelligence etc or any such departments which are necessary to prevent such phenomenon which are harmful to the whole structure.

4. Improve employment at all industry verticals

5. Induction of modern technology in to the system

6. Rationalization of terms and condition of the economic system

7. Rationalization of employment terms and conditions.

8. Developing Citizenship - There is one additional reason of taxation and that is to remind people that they are the part and subordinates of a structure. It creates a feeling of citizenship in them.

B) Demerits of Taxation

1) Taxation Cost – A very important factor which has to be noted in taxation is the “Taxation Cost”. Due to taxation cost the actual benefits of taxation are not realized. Atleast 25% of the collected tax is spent on its collection itself. And in return of that 25% , public and nation get nothing but a structure called ‘ Income Tax Department’. Whose actual contribution in development of nation cant be calculated exactly.

2) Deterioration of Nations character - A lot of corruption is done by both Tax-Payers and Tax collecting officers. This corruption deteriorates the general moral level of public and turns the nation into a bunch of wicked, cheap persons.

3) It creates a burden on the budget of the people. We have seen in various historic phases that how heavy-taxation has destroyed the condition of general public. (However proportionate income tax is a solution of it but that is also very difficult to apply practically).

C) Business by the govt vs. Tax

Instead of Tax collection, govt should do such few businesses which help to join one place with another place and one person with another person(like railways, roadways, telecommunication fuel production, electricity etc).The reasons to do so are following–

1) Instead of merely watching the society the Govt will positively contribute in the development of the civilization.

2) There are high profits in the above businesses and when private parties do these businesses they keep these high profits for themselves and they become super rich on the cost of poverty of general public. When govt will do such businesses it will help in prevention of poverty on one hand and extreme richness on the other. It will prevent the class difference in society.

3) Instead of giving mere ‘Income Tax Department’ the govt is giving a real product/service to the public and nation

4) People will have no need to hide their real income. Thus moral level of people will remain high.

5) People will not have to pay their money for an indirect product (like military, police etc or other so-called services which people cant realize at the time of paying money), but they will pay money for a service which they are getting immediately.

6) These are fields of national and strategic importance which should be operated by government and not by private companies.

7) Promoters of the private companies have the Greed to maximize profit instead of social responsibility, which leads to cut-off of employees which leads to unemployment of a large number of people.........On one hand private companies keep a very limited number of people and pay them a high pay scale (and stress). the less number of employees leads to heavy work load per employee which leads to stress which leads to mechanization of employees instead of turning them into good human beings or good citizens...........On the other hand they make a large number of people unemployed. Thus a large economic gap is developed in the society. This is totally unethical condition. Because in a society the income and wealth of all the people should be nearly equal.

D) Businesses of Govt

1) Businesses of Central Govt –

• Railway and Airlines
• Profitable selling of Fuels like Petrol, Diesel, Gas etc.
• Production & Selling of Nuclear based energy.
• One time tax on the vehicles at the time of their selling.

2) Businesses of State Govt –

·         Road transport (The buses which state transport will own will not be for public selling i.e. no private party will be allowed to own such buses and every part of such buses will be of such dimension that they cant be used in other vehicles). And secondly no private company will be allowed to run any transport company.

·         Thermal, Hydro and other non conventional electricity (except nuclear energy)

·         Tourist Packages

·         Entertainment tax including tax on Liquor

E) Competition of Govts with Govts only

1. Foul Practices by Private Firms – In all those sectors in which govt will do business, there will be no entry permission for the private companies and firms. We have seen that whenever govt competes with private companies in any business, the private companies bribe the govt employees and those corrupted employees work for the loss of their own business holding and they give profits to the private firms. For example in Roadways if govt also run buses in competition with private firms then private bus owners bribe the conductors and drivers of the govt buses. And those conductor/driver do not pick the travelers from the way and leave them to be picked by private buses. Even they sale the new parts of the govt buses to the private bus owners. It could not have happened if no private buses were there in business.

2. Competition among various governments – Thus instead of competing with private firms the govt should compete with the govt of other states. For example a national highway passing through various states will automatically compete with the other parallel roads in those states.

3. Inter-Zonal-competition - The Inter-Zonal competition should be promoted in those areas where two different governments could not compete. For example in railway the tracks could be divided into various zones and the performance and services of various zones could be compared on the basis of feedback given by the travelers.